静态路由

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静态路由是指由用户或网络管理员手工配置的路由信息。当网络的拓扑结构或链路的状态发生变化时，网络管理员需要手工去修改路由表中相关的静态路由信息。静态路由信息在缺省情况下是私有的，不会传递给其他的路由器。当然，网管员也可以通过对路由器进行设置使之成为共享的。静态路由一般适用于比较简单的网络环境，在这样的环境中，网络管理员易于清楚地了解网络的拓扑结构，便于设置正确的路由信息。

实例

图:

image-20230315124438010

目的:PC1与PC2通信

配置

R1:

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添加PC3所在网段,以及下一条地址(下一条为对端接口地址)
ip route-static 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 12.1.1.2

R2

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添加PC3所在网段,以及下一条地址(下一条为对端接口地址)
ip route-static 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 23.1.1.3
当然别忘了数据是双向的,需要有回包
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.1.1.1

R3

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回包,PC1所在的网段,以及下一条地址
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 23.1.1.2

测试

image-20230315130210102

热知识:在R1处 ping PC2 是不会通的 因为没有路由,需要指定源才能通

image-20230315130321893

image-20230315130357195

R1配置

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[R1]dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname R1
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load flash:/portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 wlan ac-global carrier id other ac id 0
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
ip route-static 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 12.1.1.2
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return

R2 配置

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<R2>dis cu 
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname R2
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 23.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.1.1.1
ip route-static 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 23.1.1.3
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return

R3配置

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<R3>dis cu 
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname R3
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 23.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 192.168.3.254 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 23.1.1.2
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return